Thomas Hobbes Analysis Essay Example For Students

Thomas Hobbes Analysis Essay Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes was an English rationalist who was lived from 1588-1679. He went to Oxford University where he examined works of art. His occupation was a mentor, however he likewise made a trip around Europe to meet with researchers and to examine various types of government. He got inspired by why individuals permitted themselves to be administered, and what might be the best type of government for England. Thomas Hobbes was the main extraordinary figure in current good way of thinking. Hobbes had a negative perspective on individuals; he accepted people were egotistical animals who might improve their positions. He likewise believed that individuals couldn't be trusted to settle on choices all alone, and a nation required a power figure to give guidance and initiative. Along these lines, Hobbes had confidence in a flat out government a legislature that gave all capacity to a lord or sovereign. He additionally imagined that individuals ought to comply with their ruler, regardless of whether he is a dictator. He said that since individuals were just keen on advancing their own personal circumstances, majority rules system could never work. Actually, he thought vote based system was exceptionally hazardous. In any case, despite the fact that he doubted majority rule government, he accepted that a different gathering of agents introducing the issues of the regular individual would keep a ruler from being out of line and brutal. Hobbes begat the saying, Voice of the ind ividuals, which means one individual could be picked to speak to a gathering with comparative perspectives. We will compose a custom article on Thomas Hobbes Analysis explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now In 1651, Thomas Hobbes composed his popular work, Leviathan which put into composing his perspectives on majority rule government and government. In this work, he said that life in the condition of nature is frightful, brutish, and short and without government, we would be living in this condition of nature. Hobbes thoughts that individuals ought to choose how they ought to be managed made way for the implicit understanding proposed a few years after the fact by John Locke. Society makes a sort of agreement with itself to offer capacity to a decision body. In Leviathan Hobbes likewise said that countries resemble individuals in that they are egotistically inspired, and that each nation was in steady fight for influence and riches. He needed individuals to quit battling and surrender control to a solitary ruler. Hobbes thoughts werent pretty much government, however. He was perhaps the most grounded adversary to the possibility of otherworldliness. He had faith in realism that everything that happens is an aftereffect of the physical world, and that the spirit doesn't exist. As indicated by Hobbes, nature is comprised of material issue there is not all that much or enchanted about it. Hobbes didnt like soul in the psyche, since he felt it drove individuals to raise a ruckus by asserting they were straightforwardly in contact with God. Truth be told, during Thomas Hobbes life, individuals frequently blamed otherworldliness so as to ignore the administration and the congregation. Hobbes accepted that all considerations and sensations in the psyche are created precisely by the faculties and the cerebrum, however the issue is that our brain doesnt consistently come clean with us, it frequently reveals to us things we need to accept, or things that were apprehensive may be valid.

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 20 Free Essays

Faye, Deborah, and Suzan were the keep going to show up on the feign. They lurched toward the others, dim peered toward and tousled, and seriously underdressed for the pre-first light chill. â€Å"They were out having a decent time,† Adam said when he saw them coming. We will compose a custom paper test on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 20 or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now â€Å"Looks like they still are.† â€Å"So what’s the huge emergency?† Faye called out in a voice excessively boisterous. â€Å"It should be acceptable. Do you have any thought what time it is?† â€Å"What’s amiss with you?† Melanie inquired. Faye laughed uncontrollably chuckling and praised Melanie on the shoulder. â€Å"You and Laurel aren’t the main ones keen on herbology.† She pulled an eyedropper from her pocket. â€Å"Care for a taste? It’s all natural.† Melanie’s face solidified. â€Å"This is no time for that,† she said. â€Å"The trackers have Scarlett.† Faye restored the eyedropper to her pocket. â€Å"I surmise that’s a no, then.† Cassie decided to disregard Faye, Deborah, and Suzan and just location the others, who were equipped for focusing. â€Å"Scarlett doesn’t know where she is,† Cassie said. â€Å"But she’s unnerved they’re going to execute her.† She proceeded to depict her fantasy in distinctive detail, how the trackers were holding Scarlett hostage, tormenting her, and examining her forces, and how she asked Cassie to come spare her. â€Å"What should we do?† Adam guided the inquiry to Diana, however it was Cassie who replied. â€Å"We need to discover where the trackers are keeping her,† she said. â€Å"We can utilize the locator spell Constance educated us.† â€Å"Yes!† Faye stated, gazing up at the moon as though it were addressing her. â€Å"We’re back to utilizing magic!† â€Å"Not so fast.† Diana pressed together her lips. â€Å"We need to explore this very carefully.† â€Å"Buzz-killer,† Faye said. â€Å"What we did on the docks was an exception,† Diana said immovably. â€Å"Using enchantment despite everything puts us in danger. Imagine a scenario where this is a stunt to enable the trackers to make sense of who we are?†. â€Å"I don’t care about that,† Cassie exclaimed. Everybody swung their head toward her, awestruck by her upheaval. â€Å"My sister is in danger,† Cassie kept, declining to be unnerved. â€Å"It’s worth the risk.† Deborah was the first to end the quietness with chortling giggling. â€Å"That’s not your call to make, princess.† Cassie had the inclination to shout out once more, however she limited herself and basically stated, â€Å"As one of the pioneers of this Circle, it is in part my call to make.† â€Å"When are you going to get it?† Faye yelled. â€Å"You don’t get the chance to put your own frivolous needs before the Circle.† â€Å"This is not really a trivial need, Faye,† Cassie said. â€Å"Scarlett is being tormented. They’re presumably going to murder her.† â€Å"But it’s fine with you in the event that we as a whole get murdered attempting to spare her.† Faye walked out on Cassie contemptuously, smacking her completely dark hair toward her. â€Å"You’re simply being selfish.† â€Å"You’re one to discuss being selfish,† Cassie shot back. â€Å"Who’s more childish than you?† â€Å"Okay. That’s enough.† Diana raised her unmistakable, overwhelming voice and called for request. Adam put his hand on Cassie’s back to quiet her. â€Å"There must be an approach to play out the locator spell without the trackers following it.† Everybody got tranquil for a second to think, however Cassie couldn’t see this consultation. A sentiment of warmth defeated Cassie, not from outside †the feign stayed cool and windy †yet from somewhere inside her gut, where a bubbling annoyance fumed. There’s simply no chance, she contemplated internally. She’d need to discover Scarlett all alone. At that point Adam shot up from the log he was perched on. â€Å"We can do it in a swarmed place,† he said. No one reacted, yet Adam examined please over his face, and his breathing was substantial. â€Å"Don’t you get it?† he said. â€Å"If we do it in a group, the trackers will make some harder memories interpreting the wellspring of the magic.† â€Å"That, old buddy, is brilliant,† Chris stated, giving Adam a high five. Melanie’s dark eyes extended. â€Å"That thoroughly could work. We could do it during some school event.† â€Å"Under the bleachers,† Laurel got out. â€Å"During the large track and field competition meet after school today.† Cassie gave herself wholeheartedly to Adam and wrapped her arms Cassie gave herself wholeheartedly to Adam and wrapped her arms firmly around him. â€Å"This is the reason I love you,† she said. â€Å"You consistently have the best ideas.† Adam’s eyes transmitted a captivating blue light. â€Å"Is that why?† He began chuckling and afterward stated, â€Å"Okay, so it’s an arrangement. We do the locator spell this afternoon.† â€Å"We should even now put it to a vote,† Diana said tersely. Faye smiled. â€Å"Way to slaughter a second, D.† â€Å"It’s not out of the question to let everybody have their state on this,† Diana demanded. â€Å"And we should all remember that finding Scarlett is just 50% of it.† She stopped to take a gander at Cassie. â€Å"Deciding what we do from that point ought to be another vote entirely.† Cassie lashed out, unfit to stop herself. â€Å"Do you not comprehend that they’re going to execute her? She’s my family. Does that make no difference to you?† Diana’s lips separated, yet no stable got away. She looked Cassie’s eyes as though she were searching for something in them she’d lost. Cassie’s outrage wasn’t expected exclusively for Diana, yet it should have been. She had shouted legitimately into her face. It was no real way to carry on, yet as far as Cassie could tell, this wasn’t a period for cool investigation and careful system. Not when Scarlett’s life was in question. Diana took a gander at Cassie for another baffled and astounded second before dismissing. â€Å"We’re advancing beyond ourselves,† she said. â€Å"There’s no assurance the locator spell will even work.† Adam went to Cassie’s side and put his arm around her. â€Å"But we’re going to attempt it. Do we as a whole agree?† There were gestures all around. Adam was so acceptable to her, and it was something that the gathering was eager to attempt the spell, yet it still wasn’t enough to reassure Cassie. Such a lot of casting a ballot and arranging was burning through an excess of time. Because of current circumstances, they’d never get to Scarlett in time. The most effective method to refer to The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 20, Essay models

NEW YORK ON A SHOESTRING BUDGET COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

NEW YORK ON A SHOESTRING BUDGET COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog On Tuesday, April 10th we are hosting our Admitted Students Day (gentle reminder to register, if you have not already done so).   If you are coming into town a day early (and before the SSOC Social at Havana Central) and have time to explore the city; two of our students captured their NYC adventure for less than $25 By Twisha Mehta and Molly Powers When students list their reasons for wanting to go to SIPA, there’s one that reliably makes it into the top 5 list: living in New York City. The city that never sleeps, the concrete jungle that dreams are made of, home to the UN, to Wall Street, to the Statue of Liberty. There is an infectious energy in New York, and an excitement in knowing that the world is at your fingertips. Some students complain that it’s also one of the most expensive cities to live in. It’s true that dinner and a movie can easily cost more than $50 these days, but, as in any city, there are bargains to be found and plenty of adventure to be had on a student budget. To prove a point, a group of SIPA students headed out one weekend last fall to see how far $25.00 dollars could take us in the Big Apple. We took the 1 subway from the Columbia University 116th Street station to 14th Street. Our first stop: Chelsea Market to have a cup of coffee and gape at all the expensive baked goods and sundries that our budget would not allow.   Then onto the High Line a recently constructed urban public space in the meatpacking district. The High Line is an historic elevated railroad that has been repurposed into a pedestrian park decorated with public art and native species of plants and grasses. New York neighborhoods each have their own distinct flavor, and Chelsea is no different. The Highline juxtaposes industrial space with modern architectural elements. The elevated space not only gives a bird’s eye view of the neighborhood, but it also provides stunning views of the Empire State building and the Hudson River away from the bustle from the street below. After strolling along the High Line, we headed uptown through Times Square, to the Bryant Park Winter Marketplace a wonderland of winter fun and shopping. We grabbed some fresh kettle corn and mozzarepas and contemplated whether or not to take advantage of the free Bryant Park ice skating- skate rental is just $6! Instead, we opted to make our way towards Museum Mile for a touch of culture. As we crossed through Central Park towards the Upper East Side, we spontaneously decided to take a rowing excursion in the Lake at 72nd street. Everyone had a chance behind the oars as we followed turtles and took photos of ourselves in the beautiful fall foliage and blue skies. One hour later, we arrived on Museum Mile. Museum Mile hosts some of the best museums in the world- ranging from the Metropolitan Museum of Art to the Jewish Museum to the African Art Museum to the Guggenheim.  Take note here, that a critical companion on our journey today was our Columbia student ID. With the ID, we get free access and discounts to dozens of museums, theaters, movies, and events throughout the city. After our tour of the Guggenheim, we crossed back through Central Park in the evening and took the 1 subway line back up to Columbia. New York City is definitely one of the greatest perks of SIPA. Living and studying the city not only offers you a spectrum of professional opportunities, but it is a cultural education in itself. For the breakdown of our frugal budget: Subway Fare: $9.00 Coffee: $4.00 Lunch/Snacks: $5.87 Boating in Central Park: $15.00 (Cost per person: $5.00). Total Cost:  $23.87   A beautiful day out in New York City with good friends- priceless!

Nutrition Transition Of Indonesi Developing Countries

Nutrition Transition in Indonesia Similar to other developing countries, Indonesia is also experiencing a rapid nutrition transition. Malnutrition in Indonesia has no longer been a single nutrition problem since more people become overweight recently (Lipoeto, Lin, Angeles-Agdeppa, 2013; Usfar, Agnew, Juniwaty, Howell, 2013). The trend does not only occurs in people from urban areas as found in other developing countries, but also in people from rural areas with low income level (Roemling Qaim, 2012; Sartika, 2013; Usfar et al., 2013). Furthermore, as obesity trend rises swiftly, its severity and range will increase as well (Roemling Qaim, 2012). Therefore, it generates a more complicated challenge to be deal with. The dual burden of the nutrition problem in the country is signed by the contrast pattern of nutrition status between under-five children and adult. According to the national Basic Health Research Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar Indonesia) 2013, prevalence of underweight in under-five children increases from 18.4% in 2007 and to 19.6% in 2013, while prevalence of overweight decreases 0.3%, standing in 11.9%. In adult (18) age group, whereas prevalence of underweight people remains steady, a significant change occurs in the prevalence of overweight showing the 5.2% increase for men and 14.8% increase for women during a six-year period from 2007 to 2013 (Kemenkes, 2013). Another study comparing obesity status of both urban and rural area shows that

Tattoos On The Heart By Gregory Boyle - 1028 Words

Tattoos on the Heart is a novel by Gregory Boyle, a Jesuit priest and the founder of Homeboy Industries, a gang-intervention program. He invites the reader to gain insight into the need for solidarity in our world. With this quest for solidarity, Gregory Boyle invites the reader to develop compassion, to alter the margins, and to gain understanding of unconditional â€Å"no matter whatness,† love. To begin, Boyle focuses his novel most prominently on the quest for solidarity. Solidarity, as defined by Boyle, is relating to someone on a human level and attempting to understand their system and how they were shaped and limited by it. To gain solidarity a person must have compassion. Compassion and solidarity go hand in hand to change structure and experience, altering the margins. Boyle says, â€Å"Compassion is always, at its most authentic, about a shift from the camped world of self-preoccupation into a more expansive place of fellowship, of true kinship† (77). Compassion is the bridge to solidarity. In this section Boyle tells the story of Julian and Matteo and their experience attending a talk in Montana. Their time in Montana opened up a new world for them, as the people they spoke to offered them their compassion and stood by them in solidarity. Julian and Matteo were shown a breech in the margins that held them back and the ability of others to embrace solidari ty. Boyle states, â€Å"There is a brand-new, palpable sense of solidarity among equals, a beloved community. TattoosShow MoreRelatedTattoos On The Heart By Gregory Boyle2222 Words   |  9 Pages Tattoos on the Heart by Gregory Boyle Introduction: †¢ Father Gregory Boyle was an associate pastor at the Dolores Mission Church in Los Angeles in 1984 and became youngest pastor ever in 1986 †¢ Boyle has buried 168 people, his first was Danny, a victim of gang violence †¢ Opens Dolores Mission Alternative, a school for children involved in gang violence that were kicked out of school †¢ Church has Christian duty to welcome anyone, including gang members †¢ Organized programs to help gang members,Read MoreWho Gregory Boyle s Tattoos Of The Heart1873 Words   |  8 PagesFather Gregory Boyle’s Tattoos of the Heart, tells of his experiences during the time he served in Homeboy Industries and of how he saw God’s work in those who felt as if they had no hope in becoming better people nor getting better lives, and how things turned around for them. In this book, he teaches gangsters that the Kingdom of God is for everyone, that it is never too late to start a loving relationship with Him, and that they are always welcome to come back to their Creator. Father Gregory, moreRead MoreTattoos On The Heart Kinship Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesEveryone is deserving of compassion and kinship so they can realize they are wholly acceptable. In the book Tattoos on the Heart by Gregory Boyle, gang members dont feel wholly acceptable because they havent experienced compassion and kinship. Father Boyle provides compassion by givin g them jobs. Gang members are deserving of compassion and kinship so they can break the cycle of shame and realize they are wholly acceptable. Compassion can lead gang members into knowing ones whole value. CesarRead MoreAnalysis Of Tattoos On The Heart, The Power Of Boundless Compassion Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesgrounding yourself in your own loveliness, hitting notes you thought were way out of your range† (94). Father Gregory Boyle says this because he knows that resilience is needed in order to change. Resilience is important because we can become better people by doing things, we thought we couldn’t do. In the book, Tattoos on the Heart, The Power of Boundless Compassion, by Father Gregory Boyle, resilience is essential in our lives because it is the key to do better. My brother, Osvaldo growing up wasRead MoreAnalysis Of Tattoos On The Heart1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream In Tattoos on the Heart, by Gregory Boyle, he describes the insecurity of gangs, violence, father wound, and crisis that the prisoners went through when they got out of jail. Boyle runs Homeboy Industries thats located in the Boyle Heights neighborhood in Los Angeles, which was made to help gangs, and fresh out of prison parolees who want to improve their lives. They are not able to get jobs because their appearance gained financial and family insecurity. â€Å"Just assume the answerRead MoreTattoos on the Heart Book Review Essays1082 Words   |  5 PagesTattoos on the Heart Book Review The book I read to better understand and gain sympathy for returning citizens is Tattoos on the Heart: The Power of Boundless Compassion (ISBN 978-1439153154) by Father Gregory Boyle, S.J. $14 can afford this 240-page autobiography about a Jesuit priest serving one of the most troubled neighborhoods in the most unique way. Fr. Boyle, ordained as a priest in 1982, began his work in Los Angeles, California in 1988 after noticing how the rampant criminal activitiesRead MoreAnalysis Of Tattoos On The Heart, The Power Of Boundless Compassion Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pagesborn by grounding yourself in your own loveliness, hitting notes you thought were way out of your range† (94). Father Gregory Boyle says this because he knows that resilience is needed in order to change. Resilience is important because we can become better people by doing things, we thought we couldn’t do. In the book, Tattoos on the Heart, The Power of Boundless Compassion, Boyle claims resilience is essential in our lives because it is the key to do better. For example, in Chapter Four, â€Å"WaterRead MoreHow Gangs And Their Social Meshwork1661 Words   |  7 Pagesand analyzing gangs and their social meshwork, it is without a doubt that gangs are seen by the majority as social pests in the community. As a whole, these numerous gangs throughout the country are more than just a bunch of criminals covered in tattoos, they are people, with feelings, who just need positivity in their lives. Most gang members, living in impoverish conditions, grew up in households were they were abused, unloved, and neglected. They grow up with no positive social support and becomeRead MoreTake Home Final Parts A And B1723 Words   |  7 Pages His purpose is to save everyone from sin by dying on the cross. Some Jews believe this, some believe the Messiah has not come yet. Christians believe that Jesus is the Messiah and that all who believe in him and accept the Holy Spirit into their hearts will have eternal life. That is the basics but Christianity is a large umbrella over many denominations where some believe in praying to Jesus’ mother, Mary, confession to a priest instead of to God himself, baptism is necessary, taking communionRead MoreTattoos on the heart1584 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Father Greg Boyle, Endless Fogiveness† In â€Å"Tattoos on the Heart,† by Gregory Boyle, Boyle experiences how to deal with gangs. The novel, a compelling story about gang violence and one man’s response towards giving those buried within it, tells a story of gang members working for a chance of redemption and solace. Can others be seen as fathers or even as a role models when gang life is such a large force in their lives? Through the story gangbangers that try to change themselves for the pursuit

Benzodiazepine as a pain medication in emergency settings Free Essays

Emergency departments frequently come across a wide range of patient with multiple types of presentations. The most common feature among them is pain, which may be acute or chronic. Acute pain can be due to appendicitis, or a gun shot wound, or acute exacerbation of a chronic pain. We will write a custom essay sample on Benzodiazepine as a pain medication in emergency settings or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chronic pain is usually in the cases of rheumatic arthritis, or cancer patients. Regardless of the type of the pain, the medical personnel are always needed to decide which pain medication is needed for a particular patient. Understanding of individual drugs, their mode of action, their potency, and their possible interactions with the person’s condition or with other drugs is necessary to prevent any adverse consequences of prescribing. There are many pain killer drugs now available in the market. With the rapid progression in the pharmaceutical industry, there is a larger pool for the health care workers to prescribe from, and specification for all types of conditions. The UK government has since then put up many guidelines to help practitioners prescribe the right drug. Since many of the drugs are given based on the intensity of the pain described by the patient, the use of pain scales is one of the key instruments in the measurement of pain. The efficacy of these pain measurement scales have been brought into question from time to time. However, up till now, very few if any alternatives have been as useful as this one. Apart from the administration of the pain killer drugs, there are many legal aspects that need to be considered as well. Many patients, when given a certain kind of pain killer drugs, may develop tolerance and addiction to the drugs. Again, there may be patients who may be addicts, and present themselves deliberately to get their â€Å"dose† of the drugs. The recognition of patients who may be developing addiction, or are using hospital as a source of addiction is very important which may require certain corrective and legal measures. Therefore, the administration of painkiller drugs also holds a certain amount of legal perspective as well. Apart from the use of such painkillers, there are many studies and researches that point to the role of various psychotropic drugs in the management of pain. While the association may seem sparse on the up front, patients with pain are frequently agitated and worried, and may require some â€Å"calming of the nerves†. In such patients the use of psychotropic and anti anxiety drugs is considered a good option. There are many researches that now support this theory, and claim that an emergency setting can respond better with appropriate use of these drugs. It is however important to take into consideration the type of pain for which the patient presents with. While acute pain patients may not have a large chance of developing a dependence on the drugs, it is the chronically ill patients that are of more concern. Patients of cancer and arthritis etc. are prescribed with chronic pain medication in accordance with the severity of the pain. Most of these patients are given prescriptions, which may not be maintained or fully monitored. While in the hospital admitted cases, the identification of addiction and dependence patterns can be easily diagnosed and dealt with, the same is not true for patients who are living in homes and receiving their medications their. To address this problem the government again introduced various measures to help control the dispensing of such drugs, and periodic evaluation of such patients at outpatient settings. The administration of pain killer drugs is a measure as well as responsibility of the health care provider. IS PAIN ADEQUATELY MANAGED? Pain is defined as â€Å"an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage† (Zempsky and Schenchter, 2003) Many physicians feel that pain in the emergency rooms is not treated very well. Studies have shown that pain is the most common presenting complaint in the emergency department, yet is not so commonly handled or managed. (Sorelle, 2002) Researchers in studies have shown that many times the patients are given the pain medication very late or not at all. However, there are many factors that complicate the situation as simply patient comes, patient receives, and patient leaves. The time it may take for various preliminaries, the history taking and the final decision about whether the patient does need medication are among the various factors that can affect prompt medicine giving. The studies have pointed out the lack of information and lack of management of pain in the systematic manner. These studies therefore point out to the need of a good method of understanding and relieving pain. (Sorelle, 2002) Current pain management strategies recommended include the following: †¢ Introduction of low doses of drugs initially and gradually increase to reach the optimum effect for the patient’s pain relief. †¢ Combined drug therapy. This helps in reducing the doses of the drugs, and thereby prevents side effects of one drug †¢ Continuous analgesia, which is now being used widely in emergency settings. †¢ Use of behavioral methods along side pharmacological interventions to increase response. (Feinberg, 2004) OPIOID ANALGESICS IN THE MANGEMENT OF PAIN: Centrally acting opioids analgesics are used widely for the remedy of pain in the clinical settings. Tramadol is among the new line of opioids narcotic agents that are used for moderate to severe pain. It acts both as a weak opioids agonist and as an inhibitor of monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake. Both oral and parenteral forms have shown good results in the management of pain. (Scott and Perry, 2000) The advantage of this drug is that there is less dependence to this drug than other opioids. It does not affect the respiratory rate, and has lesser irritation effect on the GIT than other drugs. It also has a lesser risk of seizure than other drugs. (Feinberg, 2004) NSAIDS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN: The second most common line of drugs used in this group of medication is the COX 2 inhibitor drugs. These drugs have shown at least similar efficacy in the management of pain when compared to COX non specific drugs. Parecoxib sodium for example, has similar effects to non specific nsaids in the injectable form. These drugs have shown a superior activity to morphine for most measures of analgesic efficacy, and have a prolonged duration of action. (Scott et al,2002) USE OF PAIN SCALES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PAIN SEVERITY Many researches are now questioning the value of the visual analog scales used widely to monitor the level of pain. Bodian et al, (2001) carried out a research to identify the relation between the changes of analgesic intravenous doses with the documentation on the VAS charts by the patients. The study also aimed to find out if watching previous VAS scores by the same patient had any influence on the later scoring of the pain. Bodian was able to conclude that â€Å"when pain is an outcome measure in research studies, grouping final VAS scores into a small number of categories provides greater clinical relevance for comparisons than using a full spectrum of measured values or changes in value. Seeing an earlier VAS form has no apparent influence on the later values. † (Bodian et al, 2001) PAIN MANAGEMNET IN CHILDREN: Pain management in children especially neonatal kids was not much debated until in the recent years. However, there are many recent methods that are used to alleviate pain in the recent pediatric settings. These include prevention of pain, where the pain is treated prophylactically. The identification and proper assessment of the pain is another crucial element in the pain management in children. The treatment of pain while initially considered to be limited to only providing analgesics, has recently evolved to include physical methods such as massages, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and behavioral methods such as hypnosis, distraction, preparation and rehearsal. (Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) Current child pain management heavily relies on the information received from the parents, and uses them during the pain procedures as a source of comfort to the child. The introduction of painless analgesia technique is another method of inducing cooperation from the patient. And reduction of anxiety, a very important feature in a child is another very important area in the management of pain. (Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) Benzodiazepines are used very widely as sedatives in children with successful results. However, the only problem associated with it is the development of tolerance to it. In such children withdrawal symptoms cause severe distress and the child may express irritability, ataxia, aggression, hallucinations, and twitching. Other symptoms include inconsolable crying, agitation, vomiting, anxiety, hyperactivity, convulsions, tremors, jitterness, poor feeding gagging. The form used in children is midazolam, and is used for a variety of purposes. Their indications include sedation, amnesia, anticonvulsant, and anesthesia. (Bennett, 2001) If benzodiazepines are given to such children for more than 3 days, then these should be weaned off slowly. If the child exhibits withdrawal symptoms, then diazepam, a less intensive benzodiazepine can be given until the effect wears off. (Bennett, 2001) The pain scales used in children include the Oucher Scale, Faces Scale, Poker Chip Tool, Colored Analogue Scale, the Pain Thermometer, Visual Analogue Scale, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire respectively. The most common drugs used in pediatrics include opioids and NSAIDS. Included in the pain management techniques are behavioral approaches such as distraction etc. The current evaluation scales have improved considerably since the last two years, and have improved the outcomes of the pediatric pain management as well. (Zempsky and Schechter, 2003) THE USE OF ADJUVANT ANALGESICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN. With increased understanding about the various modalities of pain, there are now novel and newer methods introduced in medicine to reduce pain in patients. The use of adjuvant drugs is used to enhance the efficacy of the analgesia and to improve the tolerance to pain. Drugs such as antidepressants, antihypertensives, local anesthetics, and CNS stimulants are widely used as adjuvants to control analgesia and to improve patients’ experience of pain. How to cite Benzodiazepine as a pain medication in emergency settings, Papers

A River Runs Through It by Norman Mclean Essay Example For Students

A River Runs Through It by Norman Mclean Essay Norman Mcleans A River Runs Through It explores many feelings and experiences of one turn of the century family in Missoula, Montana. In both the movie, directed by Robert Redford, and the original work of fiction we follow the Mcleans through their joys and sorrows. However, the names of the characters and places are not purely coincidental. These are the same people and places known by Norman Mclean as he was growing up. In a sense, A River Runs Through It is Mcleans autobiography. Although these autobiographical influences are quite evident throughout the course of the story they have deeper roots in the later life of the author as he copes with his lifes hardships. The characters in the movie and book are taken straight from Mcleans life. From the hard working, soft centered, minister father, to the drunken, down on his luck, brother-in-law, Neil. The character of Paul appears the be the most true to life member of Normans family. The audience quickly becomes familiar with Paul and his quick-tempered, always ready for anything attitude. This is evident in the beginning of the story with Pauls frequent phrase with a bet on the to make things interesting Mclean 6. It was almost funny and sometimes not so funny to see a boy always wanting to bet on himself and almost sure to win Mclean 5. Unlike Norman who was rigorously home schooled every morning, while Paul seemed to escape this torment. The boys would spend their afternoons frolicking in the woods and fishing the Big Blackfoot River. The differences that developed between Pauls and Normans fishing styles become evident in the published versions of Mcleans life as well as his real life. Norman followed the traditional style taught by their preacher-father, ten and two in a four -count rhythm, like a metronome. The four-count rhythm, of course, is functional. The one count takes the line, leader, and fly off the water; the two count tosses them seemingly straight into the sky; the three count was my fathers way of saying that at the top the leader and fly have to be given a little beat of time to get behind the line as it is starting forward; the four count means put on the power and throw the line into the rod until you reach ten oclock-then check-cast, let the fly and leader get ahead of the line, and coast to a soft and perfect landing Mclean 4. Paul, on the other hand, was less controlled by their father. Therefore he was able to develop his own style of casting. This new technique in which he dubbed shadow casting was able to draw the fish to the surface using only the shadow of the fly. That the fish are alerted by the shadows of flies passing over the water by the first casts, so hit the fly the moment it touches the water Mclean 21. Among other things, Paul was also grew up with a bit of gambling and drinking streak in him. Pauls habits did not just exist in the book, these characteristics of Paul were carried over from Normans real life experiences with his brother. Paul lived mostly by instinct and bravado, learning early on to gamble, drink and fight Eastman 54. Pauls tendancies of to get into the high stakes poker games without a clear head and then try to fight his way out of debt was what eventually leads to his demise; both in real life and in A River Runs Through it. Although the documentation of Norman Mcleans life is very similar to his real life, there are some subtle differences that exist. In the wide screen version of A River Runs Through It, directed by Robert Redford, the middle part of the movie is taken up with Normans courting of Jessie, his real life wife. .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .postImageUrl , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:hover , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:visited , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:active { border:0!important; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:active , .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uab11698d5036676c72eb6aa5b06442ff:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Wonderful Fool EssayThis is different from the book because as the book progresses, Norman is already married to Jessie. One other difference between the movie and the authors real life is a small scene in which the Mclean boys borrow a rowboat and run the rapids of a nearby river. Although untold in the story these parts are part of the creative license taken by Redford in order to make for a better movie. These two segments appeal to both the adventurous and caring in the audience. Another difference between the documented versions of A River Runs Through It and Mcleans life is concerning where he lived. In the book and movie versions, Norman and Paul spend all their lives in Montana except for when Norman and Paul both attend Dartmouth. In reality, Paul had followed Norman to Chicago, where Norman was teaching at the University of Chicago. It was Norman who got a job for Paul in the universitys press relations department. Perhaps what happens next in the deviations from the story is one of the most disturbing. Instead of dying while fighting in his own home territory, Paul died in the unfamiliar streets of Chicago, a victim of several severe blows to the head. It is disturbing to hear of the real life death of Paul Mclean, however it soothes his brother Norman to write that Paul died fighting with all of the bones in his right hand broken. Like many Scottish ministers before him, he had to derive what comfort he could from the faith that his son had died fighting Mclean 103. This line near the end of the story not only tells how Preacher Mclean must have felt in the book, but it symbolises the fantasy that Norman has that his brother did die fighting and not in a simple robbery. This gives him the piece of mind knowing that Pauls soul will rest peacefully. There are other issues that writing of a different death for his brother helps Norman over come. Norman Mclean was by no means a settled man. He was known to drink particularly stiff drinks at parties and after his retirement spoke of his neglect as a parent. Norman, like his father before him, was notorious for deflecting personal discussions, although after he had retired from teaching he was surprisingly open about his parental shortcomings. Its a real sorrow of mine. I feel that I never picked up my children at the age when I should have. Eastman 100. The illness of his wife was severely disheartening because her death took almost ten years. She suffered from emphysema but continued to smoke up until shortly before her death. This time was extremely hard for the Mcleans, Jessies illness seemed to have stretched on forever, spreading a pall over the family for years Eastman 101. When he finally did receive news of his beloved wifes death, Norman was in the hospital battling one of his bouts of depression and alcoholism. The times to follow were not any better. His daughter Jean explains, The five to seven years after my mother died were incredibly tumultuous , Jean admits, when he was down as far as a person can get down Eastman 101. With encouragement from his family, friends, and especially his son-in-law Joel, Norman Mclean was finally able to overcome his tough times and begin his writings. After all the joys of the first half of his life, Norman Mclean was overcome with severe sorrow. In his writing of A River Runs Through It, these joys are evident as are a hint of the sorrow. But in order to see the important autobiographical influences in his work, one must look not at the feelings of the time being described, but at the feelings of the time the story/biography is being written. It was written at a time when Norman Mclean was feeling deep sorrow for the loss of his loved ones and in order to help him cope without returning to drinking and depression, Norman wrote stories. .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .postImageUrl , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:hover , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:visited , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:active { border:0!important; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:active , .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342 .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf4ecc988a6ff48969ac668abf8921342:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Symbolism in the Stranger EssayIn these stories he was able to remember the people he loved the most in their glory days. Paul in the Big Blackfoot shadow casting for trout and Jessie at home in Montana where everyone felt at ease with her warm hearted love and sense of humor. In addition, Norman was able to use his own creative influence in order to adjust events to a manner that made him feel a little more at ease about the passing of his and others lives. So as it turns out, it appears that Norman Mclean wrote his stories not for the reader, but for himself.